Triterpenoids act as insulin sensitisers, and p -polypeptides act as insulin-mimetic, which can increase cellular glucose uptake and decrease insulin resistance [ 1 , 24 , 41 ]. Although there was a significant reduction, the administration of MC juice regarding glucose levels was inferior compared to the fermented one. The presence of probiotic bacteria in fermented bitter melon juice plays an essential role in decreasing fasting and postprandial glucose levels.
Probiotic bacteria produce peptides that play a role in glucose absorption through PI3-K pathways [ 43 ]. Probiotic bacteria also produce SCFA, which has the role of increasing host cell epithelial function [ 44 ]. There was a significant increase in SOD levels in subjects administered with fermented MC juice in comparison to nonfermented one. Although the increase is inferior to acarbose, fermented MC administration provided a significant improvement in the antioxidant status.
High glucose levels stimulate the formation of free radicals. Antioxidants in MC juice and fermented MC juice scavenging free radicals produced from glucose oxidation resulted in increasing SOD levels.
SCFA acts as an antioxidant so that the presence of probiotics is in line with the increase in the antioxidant status of the subject. Peptides reduce blood sugar level through the PI3-K pathway [ 43 ]. There was a robust negative correlation between both fasting and postprandial blood glucose and SOD levels Figure 5.
MC juice contained antioxidants, and fermentation increased its antioxidant activity. Antioxidant intake can overcome oxidative stress, reduce ROS, and increase antioxidant enzymes, which has been shown to prevent diabetes mellitus [ 47 ]. Although the antihyperglycemic effect is still below the acarbose potency, fermented MC juice has a more powerful antihyperglycemic effect than the nonfermented one. This effect can be attributed to the higher content of antioxidants in fermented MC juice.
The data used to support the findings of this study are included within the article and supplementary information file. Table 1 lists the baseline of glucose level before induction. Table 2 lists the glucose level before-after treatment and pair t -test. Table 3 lists the SOD level before-after treatment and pair t -test. Table 4 lists the correlation between glucose and SOD pair t -test. Supplementary Materials. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Article of the Year Award: Outstanding research contributions of , as selected by our Chief Editors. Read the winning articles. Journal overview. Special Issues. Laksmi Hartajanie , 1,2 S. Fatimah-Muis, 1 K. Academic Editor: Phillip B. Received 09 Sep Revised 03 Dec Accepted 06 Jan Published 28 Feb Abstract Background and Aim. Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycemia, resulting from either insulin resistance or insufficient insulin release or both [ 1 — 3 ].
Materials and Methods 2. Evaluation of Fasting Blood Glucose and Postprandial Blood Glucose Fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose were measured by the commercial kits purchased from DiaSys [ 39 ]. Statistical Analysis Sampling was conducted before pretest and after posttest treatments. Results Baseline fasting and postprandial blood glucose are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Baseline normal blood glucose: a fasting blood glucose; b postprandial blood glucose. Figure 2. Fasting diabetic glucose: a before treatment; b after treatment. Figure 3. Postprandial diabetic glucose: a before treatment; b after treatment. Figure 4. Figure 5. Correlation of a SOD vs. References U. Masharani and M. Gardner and D. Shoback, Eds. View at: Google Scholar D. Cavan, J.
Studies also show that extract of bitter melon also helps in inhibition of breast cancer cell growth and can be used as a dietary supplement for prevention of breast cancer.
Diabetes patients are advised to include bitter gourd in their daily diet for its several benefits. Its properties of lowering blood glucose level in diabetes patients have been backed by several scientific studies. If not processed carefully, karela juice can have harmful effects also including stomach issues and vomiting. Besides pregnant women should not consume the juice without consultation with their doctor. It also depends if the juice is prepared fresh or added with preservatives.
The nutrient value of its juice also depends a lot on the temperature at it is preserved and hygienically processed. All these factors lead to the fact of it being harmful or not. If processed incorrectly, the juice can have harmful effects on health leading to stomach issues and vomiting. It is always advisable to intake any product or diet under proper medical supervision. Juices prepared under hygiene conditions will always be beneficial to one's health. Bitter gourd juice also, prepared at home with correct process adds benefits and helps control blood sugar levels.
To read more about the health benefits of karela , check Cut the karela crosswise and lengthwise. You will now have four pieces of bitter gourd. Post your comment. Tarla Dalal. Lilly Barrantes. Chandra Mohan Gupta. Nomy Arbolado. Kimora Lee. The antioxidants work as powerful defense mechanisms against illness and also help fight free-radical damage that can cause various types of cancer.
In , a study was published in the Pharmaceutical Research Journal which stated that bitter-melon has anti-carcinogen and anti-tumour properties. It reduced the risk of prostate, breast and cervical cancer. Karela juice benefits: Bitter gourd fights viruses and bacteria. Great for your eyes Dr. Anshul Jai Bharat says that it helps in preventing vision-related problems such as cataract since it has compounds like beta-carotene and vitamin A which are healthy for your eyes and strengthens eyesight.
Excess consumption of bitter gourd juice may cause abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Pregnant women should also avoid taking too much bitter gourd or its juice as it may stimulate the uterus and lead to preterm labour. The opinions expressed within this article are the personal opinions of the author. NDTV is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or validity of any information on this article.
All information is provided on an as-is basis. The information, facts or opinions appearing in the article do not reflect the views of NDTV and NDTV does not assume any responsibility or liability for the same. Listen to the latest songs , only on JioSaavn. Story Progress Back to home. Nutritional Value of Bitter Gourd According to the USDA, grams of bitter gourd has about 34 calories with 13 milligram sodium, grams potassium, 7 grams total carbohydrate and 3.
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